Showing posts with label Eurorack. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Eurorack. Show all posts

Tuesday, 20 November 2018

LZX Castle - Video synth - 100 MultiGate

This is the 5th module for the LZX Castle synth.
Its all DIY. A great way to learn electronics.

The module is in Eurorack format

The Multi-Logic Gate has 2 inputs and 6 outputs (XNOR, XOR, NOR, OR, NAND, and AND).

Look up a truth table for those functions.
For more on logic circuits read this:
http://djjondent.blogspot.com/2017/08/cmos-useful-chips-for-lunetta-synths.html
and TTL (Transistor Transistor Logic)

Basically it's a way to combine two stigmatized (inputs) in interesting ways via binary logic.









SN74HC00 devices contain four independent, 2-input NAND gates.
They perform the Boolean function
Y = A × B or Y = A + B in positive logic.







LZX - Castle
Introduction
00_000 ADC - Analog to digital converter
01_001 DAC - Digital to Analog converter
02_010 Clock VCO
03_011 Shift Register
04_100 Multi Gate
05_101 Quad Gate
06_110 Counter
07_111 Flip flops

Links
+ LZX industries
+ CMOS
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Video Index page

Sunday, 11 November 2018

LZX Castle video Synth - 101 quad gate

Some build pics of the LZX quad gate module.
This is in Eurorack format.
The LZX official site describes it thus:
"The Quad Gate uses a single quad logic chip and combines them in 4 different ways."
(A single CMOS input/output is called a Logic Gate.)

The Quad gate is similar to the multi gate in that it uses logic gates for binary combination, but it uses a single gate type (ex. Xor. Depends on what you build it with. I (Philip) suggest xor). There are 2 sets of 2 inputs. A1, b1 and a2, b2. These have they're own outputs, out1, out2. But there are 2 other outputs that are some combination of inputs and outputs to make further interesting combinations.

The important component is a CMOS logic gate.
I'm using a CD4070BE in this build but alternatives are the CD4011 and CD 4001



The CD4070 is a quad XOR gate.
It has four Exclusive OR gates. It has two inputs per gate.
A true output results if one, and only one, of the inputs to the gate is true. If both inputs are false (0/LOW) or both are true (1/HIGH), a false output results.
A way to remember XOR is "one or the other but not both". 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Alternatives:
The 4001 - NOR gate (NOT - OR)
It's an inverting OR gate.

 A true output (1/HIGH) results if both inputs are false (0/LOW).
 If either or both inputs are true (1/HIGH), a false output results.
(this is the reverse of the NAND gate)
Notice the small circle at the output on the schematic symbol. This means that the gate is inverting. 
Remember that a NOT gate is an inverter. 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative:
The CD 4011 - NAND gate (NOT - AND)
It's an inverting AND gate.
This produces a false output (0/LOW) only if all its inputs are true (1/HIGH)
If either or both inputs are true (1/HIGH), a true (1/HIGH) output results.
(This is the reverse of the NOR gate)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
So it may be interesting to build these 2 alternatives.
Back to the build.










+Patch 1




A post shared by jono (@dj_jondent) on

For more on the patch click here
http://djjondent.blogspot.com/2018/12/lzx-cortex-castle-quad-gate-patches.html


LZX - Castle
Introduction
00_000 ADC - Analog to digital converter
01_001 DAC - Digital to Analog converter
02_010 Clock VCO
03_011 Shift Register
04_100 Multi Gate
05_101 Quad Gate
06_110 Counter
07_111 Flip flops

Links
+ LZX industries
+ CMOS
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Video Index page

Friday, 9 November 2018

LZX castle 110 Shift Register - DIY Modular video synth

What's a shift register?
"In digital circuits, a shift register is a cascade of flip flops, sharing the same clock, in which the output of each flip-flop is connected to the 'data' input of the next flip-flop in the chain, resulting in a circuit that shifts by one position the 'bit array' stored in it, 'shifting in' the data present at its input and 'shifting out' the last bit in the array, at each transition of the clock input." (wikipedia)

LZX describe this as a 4 position memory module (OR a 4-bit shift register).
The Shift register is like a 1 bit delay. Data goes in, and moves through the 4 positions based on the clock. D0, through to D3 are the output positions. Each position is one clock cycle delayed from the last.
 tHERE are 3 inputs: Clock, data and reset.

The main IC is a CMOS CD4015
For more on CMOS click here : CMOS

 The CD4015 consists of two identical, independent, 4-stage shift registers. Each register has independent CLOCK and RESET inputs as well as a single serial DATA input.
Only one of the shift registers is used so there might be scope to build a dual 110 module in the future.




Apart from the 4015, the only other major component to buy are the LM6172IN/NOPB.
You need 4 of these.

to be continued.... waiting for THOSE jacks.

-----------------

gOT tired of waiting for those jacks.



Shift register Patch 1



LZX - Castle
Introduction
00_000 ADC - Analog to digital converter
01_001 DAC - Digital to Analog converter
02_010 Clock VCO
03_011 Shift Register
04_100 Multi Gate
05_101 Quad Gate
06_110 Counter
07_111 Flip flops

Links
+ LZX Shift register patch 1 
+ LZX Shift register patch 2
+ LZX industries
+ Vimeo - video
+ CMOS 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Video Index page

Wednesday, 7 November 2018

LZX 010 Clock VCO - Castle Video synth

The 010 Clock VCO is a square wave Voltage Controlled Oscillator with a linear response to CV.
It can be used as a clock source for modules such as the Shift Register and Counter.
You can switch between Horizontal and Vertical square waveforms
It looks like there are also high & low frequency ranges.
It might be useful to have more than one of these modules in your system.
This VCO is the 3rd module in the series and is in Eurorack format.

+12V Current Consumption: 9mA
-12V Current Consumption: 7mA
No +5V

It's 4HP and all through hole.
It doesn't require the 14 pin sync cable however the Vertical sync & Horizontal sync signals
enter the module via the power bus.
So you definitely need to use a 16pin power header.

This can be used with vidiot but as the Castle Clock VCO needs sync in the power bus  you'll need a sync generator (Cadet Sync Generator or V cortex) for that one.
Or you can sync from the front panel jack.

"It's a square wave vco, essentially. Prime for clocking logic". (Philip)


 tHE CD4046 - a phase locked loop vco

The 4046 is the core component. Its a PLL vco.
Totally different approach to the Cadet ramps & Cadet VCO

Ignore my placement of a 10 pin power header in the above pic. Use a 16 pin please.
Got tired of waiting on the jacks.
Decided to try the standard ones instead.






 ICs and impt components used:
CD4046BE ------- Phase Locked Loops - PLL PLL w/ VCO
LM6172IN/NOPB ---- Operational Amplifiers - Op Amps Dual High Speed,Low Pwr Amp
2N3904BU -------- Bipolar Transistors - BJT NPN Transistor General Purpose

LZX - Castle
Introduction
00_000 ADC - Analog to digital converter
01_001 DAC - Digital to Analog converter
02_010 Clock VCO
03_011 Shift Register
04_100 Multi Gate
05_101 Quad Gate
06_110 Counter
07_111 Flip flops

Links
+ ADC overview - LZX
+ LZX industries
+ Hackaday - the 4046 PLL VCO
+ CMOS
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Video Index page

LZX Castle Video Synth - 001 DAC

Some build pics of the 2nd module in the Castle series.
The 001 DAC - Digital to analog converter.
This module is in Eurorack format.
iT'S 4HP and all through hole.

 The 001 MODULE is a Digital to Analog Converter. It's a dual module to convert two 3-Bit data streams into two Analog approximations.

Think of it as a pair of summing mixers.
In audio, a summing mixer turns multitracks into stereo.

"The DAC can take the 3 bits from the adc (or anywhere else) and recombine them as an 8 level single stream output. Think of it kind of like a mixer, but it has preset levels for D0, D1, and D2." (Philip)

With the DAC, the data streams are mixed to make an analog signal with the MSB (most significant bit) having the most amplitude and the LSB (least significant bit) having the least. "Pair it with the ADC to produce a solarize effect counter to synthesize waveforms"







a 10 pin power header is needed



LZX - Castle
Introduction
00_000 ADC - Analog to digital converter
01_001 DAC - Digital to Analog converter
02_010 Clock VCO
03_011 Shift Register
04_100 Multi Gate
05_101 Quad Gate
06_110 Counter
07_111 Flip flops

Links
+ ADC overview - LZX
+ LZX industries
+ CMOS
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Video Index page