I'd thought I'd upload a pic of the filters in the Fenix 1. As discussed earlier, there are 3 and they are all different.
VCF1 and VCF2 are the simpliest. They both have a single audio input and two Cv inputs
CV2 in both is a variable input with a corresponding pot. CV 1 is fixed to 1v/oct - to be used for filter tracking Both have 12dB/octave LP; 12dB/oct HP, and BP and there are three controls plus 3 outputs for each.
VCF 3 is more complicated. there are 3 audio inputs with their own pots (a mixer)
The LP filter has outputs for both 12dB/oct and 24dB/oct
Again there are two Cv inputs.CV 1 is fixed to 1v/oct. CV 2 is variable.
Monday, 12 January 2015
Sunday, 11 January 2015
Synton Fenix 1 - Filter modulation
A first test of a Synton Fenix I.
This has the serial No 18. She was built on Feb 10, 1998 for CW.
I'm very very lucky to find this (esp in Australia) as these are no longer produced.
These puppies are pretty rare. I understand that that only 75 exist.
I'm hoping she will intergrate well with my Serge, Driscol & NLC synths.
The Fenix uses the standard 1V/Oct for pitch.
Audio levels are 4V peak to peak.
Control volatges are -4/+4 or 0-8 Volts.
One of the really nice things about its design is the seperation between
the knobs & the patch points. A common problem with my Serge is that mass of interconnecting
cables hiding access to the knobs.
The Fenix has a nice clean organised design
Audio outputs are green, CV outputs are blue, and all inputs are black.
Nice & simple.
In the video I'm using just three modules (excluding the mixer):
VCO 1 - sine,square,ramp (& sub-oscillator 1 (a square wave 1 oct down) and sub-oscillator 2 )
VCF 3 - A low-pass filter. It has both 12db & 24db slopes plus 3 audio inputs.
LFO 1 - +ve triangle & square.
You can download the audio here:
http://www.mediafire.com/listen/zj8654iunihcqwh/Fenix_1_stereo-filter_modulation.wav
Another thing I like about the fenix is that every module is different.
Every VCO, LFO & filter is unique within the system.
There are 3 VCOs, 3 LFOs, 3 filters, four VCAs, 5 mixers, 3 EGs, 2 Ring modulators, etc etc.
Wow.
Everything is sequenced by a Doepfer Dark Time.
Links
http://m.matrixsynth.com/2007/05/mystery-synth-used-by-coil.html
http://www.audiopaap.com/
http://www.dutchsynth.nl/Fenix1.html
http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/feb99/articles/syntonfenix883.htm
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPjt83IaFT-8xk006gCVurA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-8nJkrmeCA
This has the serial No 18. She was built on Feb 10, 1998 for CW.
I'm very very lucky to find this (esp in Australia) as these are no longer produced.
These puppies are pretty rare. I understand that that only 75 exist.
I'm hoping she will intergrate well with my Serge, Driscol & NLC synths.
The Fenix uses the standard 1V/Oct for pitch.
Audio levels are 4V peak to peak.
Control volatges are -4/+4 or 0-8 Volts.
One of the really nice things about its design is the seperation between
the knobs & the patch points. A common problem with my Serge is that mass of interconnecting
cables hiding access to the knobs.
The Fenix has a nice clean organised design
Audio outputs are green, CV outputs are blue, and all inputs are black.
Nice & simple.
In the video I'm using just three modules (excluding the mixer):
VCO 1 - sine,square,ramp (& sub-oscillator 1 (a square wave 1 oct down) and sub-oscillator 2 )
VCF 3 - A low-pass filter. It has both 12db & 24db slopes plus 3 audio inputs.
LFO 1 - +ve triangle & square.
You can download the audio here:
http://www.mediafire.com/listen/zj8654iunihcqwh/Fenix_1_stereo-filter_modulation.wav
Another thing I like about the fenix is that every module is different.
Every VCO, LFO & filter is unique within the system.
There are 3 VCOs, 3 LFOs, 3 filters, four VCAs, 5 mixers, 3 EGs, 2 Ring modulators, etc etc.
Wow.
Everything is sequenced by a Doepfer Dark Time.
Links
http://m.matrixsynth.com/2007/05/mystery-synth-used-by-coil.html
http://www.audiopaap.com/
http://www.dutchsynth.nl/Fenix1.html
http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/feb99/articles/syntonfenix883.htm
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPjt83IaFT-8xk006gCVurA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-8nJkrmeCA
Saturday, 10 January 2015
Aphex Twin - Brain dancing, gear list, etc
Two Thousand and Fifteen is here.
The first album I listened to this year was an oldie -
Aphex Twin's "1995 - I care because You Do".
It's 20 years old and I still love it.
...... probably most famous for the three Korg PS 3300s (He also has a korg 3200 according to the list). I'm so happy to see their use on "Syro". The PS3200 in particularly is very under-rated.
I think the 3200 was used on the second last track (no 11) : s950tx16wasr10 [163.97] (earth portal mix).
So as a first post for 2015 I'd thought I'd sort through his most recent gear list
which you can see on his latest album "2014 - Syro".
There is a lot of speculation as to it's authenticity. Is it real or did James do it all in Fruity loops and post this list for fun ??? Anyway, there is nothing wrong with FL. :-)
We can only guess.
In the drum category listed are;
Tongue Drums
Meinl Water UDU --Liquid drum ... the bottom is filled with water (Fibreglass construction)
Roland TR727
Roland TR909
Simmons SD53(??)
Roland R8/ROM(?)
Roland TR606 / 666?, modded
Roland TR808
Pearl Syncussion
Pearl SC40
Musicmaid Claptrap
Korg Minipops7
Yamaha RX11 - drum
HAT Mechanical Drums ???? Maybe these are the Godfried-Willem Raes (GOD) robots
that I read about recently. Here is a link to a interview.
Be warned .... he is naked half way through :-)
I'm surprised that there is no use of Elektron gear though I'm sure he has that too.
Maybe on the next album. ????
Interesting that Richard is using a Atari 1040.
I have one of these dinosaurs in storage. I remember it did have the tightest timing
back in the day. Maybe I should blow the dust off mine too. ??
He has used lots of different vocoders:
Synton Syntovox 221 x2
Sennheiser VSM201
EMS 2000
Bode Vocoder
The Synths used on this album:
ARP 2500
Casio FZ10 + FZ20M + NXC
Crumar Bit01 White
Cwejman RES4 x3
Cwejman VC06
Disklavier MKIV Pro Custom
EML 101. modded
Ensoniq ASR10
Intellijel Rubicon
Jomox Sunsyn V1 x2
Kawai K5000R
Korg DS8
Korg PS3200
Korg PS3300 x3
Make Noise DPO
Marion PROSynth x2
Midimoogs x2
Modular Systems/Eurorack
Moog Memory Lintronics
Oberheim OBX, racked
Oberheim Modular SEMs, racked
Rhodes Chroma
RMI Harmonic Synth (Rocky Mountains Instruments)
Roland SH-101s, modded
Roland D550 - this is the rack version of the D 50.
Roland MKS-50
Roland MKS-70
Sci Prophet VS
Sci Prophet5, racked/keyboard
Serge Modular 9-panel
Yamaha CS80
Yamaha DX100, modded
Yamaha DX11
Yamaha EX42 - Electone from 1970 - electronic organ
Yamaha FS1R
And the nine panel Serge -- :-)
If anyone has any info or pics please email me.
The official list is:
A Designs Reddi
A Designs Pacifica
ADT Toolkit x4
Akai S950HXC - sampler
AKG Contact Mics
Alice Mixer
Allen Heath Mix Wizard
Allen Organ Spring Reverb
AMS RM16 --- reverb
API 3124+
API 55A
API 550A orig - the classic 3 band EQ
API 550B API 560
API 8200A
ARP 2500
Atari 1040 + Midi Expansions + HXC
Avedis E27
Bode Vocoder
Boss BX16 -- 16 channel mixer
Boss BX8 - 8 channel mixer
Boss GE7
Buzz Audio Arc1.1
Calrec Minimixer
Calrec RQP3200
Casio FZ10 + FZ20M + NXC
Chandler Delay Black
Chandler Delay Cream
Chandler Zoner Limiter
Cirklon Sequencer
Court Acoustics Graphic - Graphic EQ
Crumar Bit01 White
Cwejman RES4 x3
Cwejman VC06
Disklavier MKIV Pro Custom (I'm guessing this refers to the Yamaha piano ???)
DPA 4052
Drawner Stereo Gate Dytronics FS1
Elysia Mpressor
EML 101. modded
EMS 2000 Vocoder
EMT 140 Plate/Stereo/Tube
EMT 240 Gold Foil
EMT 252 FX
EMT 258 x4 Filters
Ensoniq ASR10
Eventide DSP4000 - Harmonizer
Eventide H3000 DSE
Eventide H949 x4
Focusrite ISA110 Orig x8
Focusrite ISA430
Fulltone Tape Echo
Harrison 32EQ
GR500 ??/ The roland GR500 ??
HAT Mechanical Drums
Helios x2 ---- ??? Maybe this is a Helios Type 69 Mic Pre/EQ Module
Intellijel Rubicon
JH ARP Quadra Phaser (A Jurgen Haible clone)
JH Storm Tide FLanger x2
JH Tau Phaser
Jomox Sunsyn V1 x2
Kawai K5000R
Klark Teknik DN780 - digital Reverberator/Processor
Korg DS8
Korg Minipops7 Midi. sepouts
Korg PS3200
Korg PS3300 x3
Lexicon 480L - digital effects
Lexicon PCM70
LPG ---- ???? Low Pass Gate ????
Lynx Aurora 16 - analog to digital/D-A converter
Make Noise DPO
Marion PROSynth x2
Meinl Water UDU
Micmix Dynaflanger
Micmix Masteroom 2
Midas Venice Desk
Midimoogs x2
Modular Systems/Eurorack
Moog Memory Lintronics
MIT Ensemble
Mum & Dad Vocals
Musicmaid Claptrap x4
Nagra IV-S
Neotek Elite 64 Channel Custom
Neumann V473 x2
Oberheim OBX, racked
Oberheim Modular SEMs, racked
Orla DSE24
Pearl SC40
Pearl Syncussion, racked/midi/mod x4
Plugins, various
Pultec EQP-1A3
Quad Eight 248 x2
Quantec Room Simulator
Retro Instruments Powerstrip
Rhodes Chroma
RME Fireface800
RMI Harmonic Synth (Rocky Mountains Instruments)
Roland 101s, modded
Roland CE1 - The famous Boss Chorus Pedal
Roland D550 - this is the rack version of the D 50.
Roland MKS-50
Roland MKS-70
Roland R8/ROM(?)
Roland TR606 / 666?, modded
Roland TR808
Roland TR727
Roland TR909
Sci Prophet VS
Sci Prophet5, racked/keyboard
Sennheiser VSM201 - vocoder
Serge Modular 9-panel
Shure Auxpander
Siemens V78 x2
Simmons SD53(??)
SM Pro PEQ505
Songbird Tri Chorus x2
Sound Devices 772 - portable audio recorder
Soundcraft Ghost
Soundworkshop 262
SPL TD4
SSL 4000 Channel Strips x5
SSL X desk
Studio Electronics Code8 Full
Synthoma Elkorus
Synton Syntovox 221 x2 - vocoder
Tantek Flanger/Delay
TC1210 - effects processor.
Tongue Drums
Valley People Gain BrainsValley People Kepex x10
Wildlife
Yamaha CS80
Yamaha D5000 --- digital delay
Yamaha DX100, modded
Yamaha DX11
Yamaha EX42 - Electone from 1970 - electronic organ
Yamaha FS1R
Yamaha RX11 - drum
Yamaha TX16W x2 - 12bit sampler
Zither AFX-scale -- what is this ??? Dunno. A Zither is a class of stringed instrument
The first album I listened to this year was an oldie -
Aphex Twin's "1995 - I care because You Do".
It's 20 years old and I still love it.
The new Aphex Twin Album, Computer Controlled Acoustic Instruments pt2 EP, is coming out on Jan 23rd 2015 (only 13 sleeps to go).
And his gear list is to die for....... probably most famous for the three Korg PS 3300s (He also has a korg 3200 according to the list). I'm so happy to see their use on "Syro". The PS3200 in particularly is very under-rated.
I think the 3200 was used on the second last track (no 11) : s950tx16wasr10 [163.97] (earth portal mix).
So as a first post for 2015 I'd thought I'd sort through his most recent gear list
which you can see on his latest album "2014 - Syro".
There is a lot of speculation as to it's authenticity. Is it real or did James do it all in Fruity loops and post this list for fun ??? Anyway, there is nothing wrong with FL. :-)
We can only guess.
In the drum category listed are;
Tongue Drums
Meinl Water UDU --Liquid drum ... the bottom is filled with water (Fibreglass construction)
Roland TR727
Roland TR909
Simmons SD53(??)
Roland R8/ROM(?)
Roland TR606 / 666?, modded
Roland TR808
Pearl Syncussion
Pearl SC40
Musicmaid Claptrap
Korg Minipops7
Yamaha RX11 - drum
HAT Mechanical Drums ???? Maybe these are the Godfried-Willem Raes (GOD) robots
that I read about recently. Here is a link to a interview.
Be warned .... he is naked half way through :-)
I'm surprised that there is no use of Elektron gear though I'm sure he has that too.
Maybe on the next album. ????
Interesting that Richard is using a Atari 1040.
I have one of these dinosaurs in storage. I remember it did have the tightest timing
back in the day. Maybe I should blow the dust off mine too. ??
He has used lots of different vocoders:
Synton Syntovox 221 x2
Sennheiser VSM201
EMS 2000
Bode Vocoder
The Synths used on this album:
ARP 2500
Casio FZ10 + FZ20M + NXC
Crumar Bit01 White
Cwejman RES4 x3
Cwejman VC06
Disklavier MKIV Pro Custom
EML 101. modded
Ensoniq ASR10
Intellijel Rubicon
Jomox Sunsyn V1 x2
Kawai K5000R
Korg DS8
Korg PS3200
Korg PS3300 x3
Make Noise DPO
Marion PROSynth x2
Midimoogs x2
Modular Systems/Eurorack
Moog Memory Lintronics
Oberheim OBX, racked
Oberheim Modular SEMs, racked
Rhodes Chroma
RMI Harmonic Synth (Rocky Mountains Instruments)
Roland SH-101s, modded
Roland D550 - this is the rack version of the D 50.
Roland MKS-50
Roland MKS-70
Sci Prophet VS
Sci Prophet5, racked/keyboard
Serge Modular 9-panel
Yamaha CS80
Yamaha DX100, modded
Yamaha DX11
Yamaha EX42 - Electone from 1970 - electronic organ
Yamaha FS1R
And the nine panel Serge -- :-)
If anyone has any info or pics please email me.
The official list is:
A Designs Reddi
A Designs Pacifica
ADT Toolkit x4
Akai S950HXC - sampler
AKG Contact Mics
Alice Mixer
Allen Heath Mix Wizard
Allen Organ Spring Reverb
AMS RM16 --- reverb
API 3124+
API 55A
API 550A orig - the classic 3 band EQ
API 550B API 560
API 8200A
ARP 2500
Atari 1040 + Midi Expansions + HXC
Avedis E27
Bode Vocoder
Boss BX16 -- 16 channel mixer
Boss BX8 - 8 channel mixer
Boss GE7
Buzz Audio Arc1.1
Calrec Minimixer
Calrec RQP3200
Casio FZ10 + FZ20M + NXC
Chandler Delay Black
Chandler Delay Cream
Chandler Zoner Limiter
Cirklon Sequencer
Court Acoustics Graphic - Graphic EQ
Crumar Bit01 White
Cwejman RES4 x3
Cwejman VC06
Disklavier MKIV Pro Custom (I'm guessing this refers to the Yamaha piano ???)
DPA 4052
Drawner Stereo Gate Dytronics FS1
Elysia Mpressor
EML 101. modded
EMS 2000 Vocoder
EMT 140 Plate/Stereo/Tube
EMT 240 Gold Foil
EMT 252 FX
EMT 258 x4 Filters
Ensoniq ASR10
Eventide DSP4000 - Harmonizer
Eventide H3000 DSE
Eventide H949 x4
Focusrite ISA110 Orig x8
Focusrite ISA430
Fulltone Tape Echo
Harrison 32EQ
GR500 ??/ The roland GR500 ??
HAT Mechanical Drums
Helios x2 ---- ??? Maybe this is a Helios Type 69 Mic Pre/EQ Module
Intellijel Rubicon
JH ARP Quadra Phaser (A Jurgen Haible clone)
JH Storm Tide FLanger x2
JH Tau Phaser
Jomox Sunsyn V1 x2
Kawai K5000R
Klark Teknik DN780 - digital Reverberator/Processor
Korg DS8
Korg Minipops7 Midi. sepouts
Korg PS3200
Korg PS3300 x3
Lexicon 480L - digital effects
Lexicon PCM70
LPG ---- ???? Low Pass Gate ????
Lynx Aurora 16 - analog to digital/D-A converter
Make Noise DPO
Marion PROSynth x2
Meinl Water UDU
Micmix Dynaflanger
Micmix Masteroom 2
Midas Venice Desk
Midimoogs x2
Modular Systems/Eurorack
Moog Memory Lintronics
MIT Ensemble
Mum & Dad Vocals
Musicmaid Claptrap x4
Nagra IV-S
Neotek Elite 64 Channel Custom
Neumann V473 x2
Oberheim OBX, racked
Oberheim Modular SEMs, racked
Orla DSE24
Pearl SC40
Pearl Syncussion, racked/midi/mod x4
Plugins, various
Pultec EQP-1A3
Quad Eight 248 x2
Quantec Room Simulator
Retro Instruments Powerstrip
Rhodes Chroma
RME Fireface800
RMI Harmonic Synth (Rocky Mountains Instruments)
Roland 101s, modded
Roland CE1 - The famous Boss Chorus Pedal
Roland D550 - this is the rack version of the D 50.
Roland MKS-50
Roland MKS-70
Roland R8/ROM(?)
Roland TR606 / 666?, modded
Roland TR808
Roland TR727
Roland TR909
Sci Prophet VS
Sci Prophet5, racked/keyboard
Sennheiser VSM201 - vocoder
Serge Modular 9-panel
Shure Auxpander
Siemens V78 x2
Simmons SD53(??)
SM Pro PEQ505
Songbird Tri Chorus x2
Sound Devices 772 - portable audio recorder
Soundcraft Ghost
Soundworkshop 262
SPL TD4
SSL 4000 Channel Strips x5
SSL X desk
Studio Electronics Code8 Full
Synthoma Elkorus
Synton Syntovox 221 x2 - vocoder
Tantek Flanger/Delay
TC1210 - effects processor.
Tongue Drums
Valley People Gain BrainsValley People Kepex x10
Wildlife
Yamaha CS80
Yamaha D5000 --- digital delay
Yamaha DX100, modded
Yamaha DX11
Yamaha EX42 - Electone from 1970 - electronic organ
Yamaha FS1R
Yamaha RX11 - drum
Yamaha TX16W x2 - 12bit sampler
Zither AFX-scale -- what is this ??? Dunno. A Zither is a class of stringed instrument
Saturday, 20 December 2014
Friday, 19 December 2014
The Church of the Nativity - Bethlehem
In keeping with the Christmas theme, I thought I'd upload some pics of the Church of the Nativity in
Bethlehem. (PALESTINE)
The site of the Church of the Nativity is a World Heritage Site, and was the first to be listed under the name of the State of Palestine.
The site is also on UNESCO's List of World Heritage Sites in Danger
It's one of the world's oldest surviving churches and marks the spot most Christians believe to be that of Christ's birth. Jesus was most likely born in a cave (known as the Grotto)... or in a house attached to a cave that would have been used for stabling and storage - thus the manger.
This is part of the cave under the church foundations.
In 327 AD, Constantine and his mother St. Helena commissioned a church to be built over the cave. This first basilica, dedicated on May 31, 339, had an octagonal floor plan.
It's seen invasions, fires & earthquakes. In 2002 armed Palestinians hid in the church from Israeli forces.
These columns are a wonder. Each carved from a single piece of red limestone. They stand tall and have watched over the church's survival.
St. Jerome lived and worked in Bethlehem from 384 AD, and he was buried in a cave beneath the Church of the Nativity.
The Constantinian church was destroyed by fire during the Samaritan Revolts in the sixth century AD
So the Emperor Justinian rebuilt it in 530 AD. This much larger church is what we see today.
Justinian was a Byzantine (Eastern Roman Empire) Emperor. His capital, Constantinople is today's Istanbul. During his reign Constantine tried to revive Rome's greatness and recapture the lost Western half.
He never succeeded. The Eastern half became the Byzantine Empire. The west developed into what we now know as Western Europe.
The Persians spared it during their invasion in 614 AD because, according to legend, they
were impressed by a representation of the Magi — fellow Persians — that decorated the building.
The Crusaders took Jerusalem on 6 June 1009. Baldwin I and II were crowned there. Baldwin I was crowned the first King of Jerusalem on the 24th December 1100.
Much of the current external appearance is Crusader. Much restoration work was accomplished between 1165 & 1169.
The Crusaders were defeated by Saladin (Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub) in 1187 at Hattin in Galilee.
This led to a Muslim occupation of Bethlehem. Most of the Christian community had to leave. They only returned in 1192..... The Muslim powers allowed this after payment of a stiff tax. Thus, the history of Bethlehem swayed this way and that over the coming centuries. Armies came and went. It always however remained a important place of pilgrimage.
Between the years 1219-1220, it was visited by none other than Francis of Assisi. He arrived in the port of Acre which was still in the hands of the Crusaders. He went to Egypt to the court of the Sultan Malek al-Kamil. It is reported that the Sultan was so struck by the personality of the saint that he granted him a safe-conduct for his journey to Palestine.
This church looks more like a fortress than a place of worship.
This is the main entrance to The Church of the Nativity. It was once much larger & grander.
Over the centuries it's size has shrunk for defensive reasons. No longer can horses (& I guess armies)
be ridden into the church. Even a Emperor will have to dismount and stoop his head if he wishes to go inside.
There used to be a pointed arch over the doorway.
Light in the Grotto is supplied by 53 lamps, 19 of which belong to the Latins.
Bethlehem. (PALESTINE)
The site of the Church of the Nativity is a World Heritage Site, and was the first to be listed under the name of the State of Palestine.
The site is also on UNESCO's List of World Heritage Sites in Danger
It's one of the world's oldest surviving churches and marks the spot most Christians believe to be that of Christ's birth. Jesus was most likely born in a cave (known as the Grotto)... or in a house attached to a cave that would have been used for stabling and storage - thus the manger.
This is part of the cave under the church foundations.
Underground chapels
In 327 AD, Constantine and his mother St. Helena commissioned a church to be built over the cave. This first basilica, dedicated on May 31, 339, had an octagonal floor plan.
The roof looks like it's rotting & threatening the whole building. There are holes in the timbers above allowing
water to drip down upon the precious paintings and mosaics below.
The actual problem isn't a lack of restoration money. It seems to be jealousy over who is responsible for the Church's maintenance. Three Christian denominations (Greek Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox and the Franciscan order of the Roman Catholic Church) are fighting for control and neither seem to be able to agree.
Portions of the floor mosaic still survive from this period. These
are 1700 years old. How any of this has survived is beyond belief. It's a
miracle that the church has survived at all. The actual problem isn't a lack of restoration money. It seems to be jealousy over who is responsible for the Church's maintenance. Three Christian denominations (Greek Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox and the Franciscan order of the Roman Catholic Church) are fighting for control and neither seem to be able to agree.
It's seen invasions, fires & earthquakes. In 2002 armed Palestinians hid in the church from Israeli forces.
These columns are a wonder. Each carved from a single piece of red limestone. They stand tall and have watched over the church's survival.
St. Jerome lived and worked in Bethlehem from 384 AD, and he was buried in a cave beneath the Church of the Nativity.
The Constantinian church was destroyed by fire during the Samaritan Revolts in the sixth century AD
So the Emperor Justinian rebuilt it in 530 AD. This much larger church is what we see today.
Justinian was a Byzantine (Eastern Roman Empire) Emperor. His capital, Constantinople is today's Istanbul. During his reign Constantine tried to revive Rome's greatness and recapture the lost Western half.
He never succeeded. The Eastern half became the Byzantine Empire. The west developed into what we now know as Western Europe.
The Persians spared it during their invasion in 614 AD because, according to legend, they
were impressed by a representation of the Magi — fellow Persians — that decorated the building.
The Crusaders took Jerusalem on 6 June 1009. Baldwin I and II were crowned there. Baldwin I was crowned the first King of Jerusalem on the 24th December 1100.
Much of the current external appearance is Crusader. Much restoration work was accomplished between 1165 & 1169.
The Crusaders were defeated by Saladin (Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub) in 1187 at Hattin in Galilee.
This led to a Muslim occupation of Bethlehem. Most of the Christian community had to leave. They only returned in 1192..... The Muslim powers allowed this after payment of a stiff tax. Thus, the history of Bethlehem swayed this way and that over the coming centuries. Armies came and went. It always however remained a important place of pilgrimage.
Between the years 1219-1220, it was visited by none other than Francis of Assisi. He arrived in the port of Acre which was still in the hands of the Crusaders. He went to Egypt to the court of the Sultan Malek al-Kamil. It is reported that the Sultan was so struck by the personality of the saint that he granted him a safe-conduct for his journey to Palestine.
This church looks more like a fortress than a place of worship.
The four-foot-high "Door of Humility,"
Over the centuries it's size has shrunk for defensive reasons. No longer can horses (& I guess armies)
be ridden into the church. Even a Emperor will have to dismount and stoop his head if he wishes to go inside.
There used to be a pointed arch over the doorway.
Light in the Grotto is supplied by 53 lamps, 19 of which belong to the Latins.
The entrance to the crypt & grotto below
Star of Bethlehem and Altar
The Roman Catholics have control over this section of the church.
Also called the Grotto of the manger, the silver star marks the spot where Christ is said to have been born.
To illustrate the competition between the warring churches its recorded that of the 15 lamps that hang above the star, 6 are Greeks, 5 belong to the Armenians and 4 to the Latins.
Dove of Peace
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thursday, 18 December 2014
ARP 2500 - Sample & Hold (videos 1 and 2)
Experimenting with getting a clock out from the sequencer (to sync the sample & hold)
The sequencer's clock goes into the 2 sample ins.
Set the "clock in" toggle to the off setting
------------------------------------------------
Video two. Using the S & H to modulate the filter
You can download some audio from this patch here:
The sequencer's clock goes into the 2 sample ins.
Set the "clock in" toggle to the off setting
------------------------------------------------
Video two. Using the S & H to modulate the filter
You can download some audio from this patch here:
Tuesday, 16 December 2014
ARP 2500 - SAMPLE & HOLD / RANDOM VOLTAGE (1036 module)
In electronics, a sample and hold circuit is a device that captures the voltage of a continuously varying signal. It holds onto its last sampled value until the input is sampled again
This saved voltage can then be used to control VCOs, filters, VCAs, etc.
The ARP 2500 sample + hold module is no different.
It's official name is the 1036 - S/H - Random Voltage.
A typical sample and hold circuit stores electric charge in a capacitor and contains at least one fast FET (field effect transistor) switch and at least one operational amplifier.
It looks like the 1036 uses this design.
The schematic & BOM can be found here: GuitarFool
The OpAmp seems to be a LM301
The switch - a 2n5172 ???
As the name implies it also has random triggers and more.
The 1036 is in fact a dual sample and hold.. Each S&H circuit is identical & independent.
The 1036 also contains a voltage controlled pulse generator & a white noise source.
CLOCK PULSES are +10V. Their duration lasts as long as the sample period.
Between the two red sample buttons are 3 toggle switches.
The toggle on the left connects Clock (a) with Sample & hold (a).
The toggle on the right connects Clock (b) with Sample & Hold (b).
The middle toggle connects Clock (a) with sample & hold (b).
So Clock (a) can be used to control both S&H circuits, and Clock (b) is restricted to its namesake S&H.
It can be a bit confusing, but any voltage which you wish to sample must be applied to the Ext Sig input (Not the Sample input).
For each Dual S&H module there are two Ext Sig Inputs at the top & two at the bottom on the module.
The bottom ones are really cool as the signal has attenuation potentiometers .. The top inputs are un-attenuated.
-------------------------------------------------------
In addition to sampling external signals the 1036 can produce random signals
The control for this are these two silver knobs called the Int Random Sig. (Internal Random Signal Generators).
Advancing these knobs will introduce noise into the inputs of the sample & hold circuit.
If we sample only the random signal then you will hear a series of stepped random voltages.
The fun begins when you start to sample external voltages.
You can mix the external signal (EXT SIG) with the internal random signal (INT RANDOM SIG) before they get to the sampler.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One last point to discuss is the Trig/Gate switch.
When a pulse enters the sample input two different results can be selected depending of whether the switch is in the Trig or Gate position.
So what's the difference between a trigger and a gate?
Trigger = short duration
Gate = longer duration
In the trig position, the +ve edge of the pulse will trigger the sampler for about 10ms
In the GATE position the output of the sample and hold remains 'Open' for the whole time that the command pulse is positive.
The choice that you have between using a trigger or a gate in the ARP 2500 is absent in the later ARP 2600. The model 2600 uses the 4015 sub-module and works only with sharply rising waveforms or triggers.
This saved voltage can then be used to control VCOs, filters, VCAs, etc.
The ARP 2500 sample + hold module is no different.
It's official name is the 1036 - S/H - Random Voltage.
A typical sample and hold circuit stores electric charge in a capacitor and contains at least one fast FET (field effect transistor) switch and at least one operational amplifier.
It looks like the 1036 uses this design.
The schematic & BOM can be found here: GuitarFool
The OpAmp seems to be a LM301
The switch - a 2n5172 ???
As the name implies it also has random triggers and more.
The 1036 is in fact a dual sample and hold.. Each S&H circuit is identical & independent.
The 1036 also contains a voltage controlled pulse generator & a white noise source.
Each upper section of the S&H 1036 has 3 inputs and 2 outputs.
Inputs:
(1) External Signal input.(this is where the voltage to be sampled goes).
(2) Clock frequency modulation (VC for the pulse generator).
(3) Sample Command Input.(The pulse goes here).
(1) External Signal input.(this is where the voltage to be sampled goes).
(2) Clock frequency modulation (VC for the pulse generator).
(3) Sample Command Input.(The pulse goes here).
Outputs:
(1) Clock out
(2) Out (Sample out).
The VC pulse generator can be used to re-trigger the S-H circuit there by "re-sampling the input voltage & creating a new output voltage".
When a pulse is applied to the "Sample Command Input" (SCI), the output CV is immediately (10ms) given the same value as the input CV. This Output CV will remain unchanged until a new pulse is applied to the SCI.
There are 3 ways to generate these Sample Command Pulses:
(1) Pushing the Red Sample Button.
(2) Applying an pulse from an external source (eg a keyboard trigger, sequencer or an oscillator) to the SCI
(3) Use the Internal Clock Pulse Generator.
(1) Clock out
(2) Out (Sample out).
The VC pulse generator can be used to re-trigger the S-H circuit there by "re-sampling the input voltage & creating a new output voltage".
When a pulse is applied to the "Sample Command Input" (SCI), the output CV is immediately (10ms) given the same value as the input CV. This Output CV will remain unchanged until a new pulse is applied to the SCI.
There are 3 ways to generate these Sample Command Pulses:
(1) Pushing the Red Sample Button.
(2) Applying an pulse from an external source (eg a keyboard trigger, sequencer or an oscillator) to the SCI
(3) Use the Internal Clock Pulse Generator.
The frequency of the clock pulse generators are determined by the two silver knobs & the slide switches.
The pic is pretty self explanatory.
The clock frequency can also be modulated by applying a voltage to the "Clock Frequency Mod" inputs.
Here is a pic of the upper inputs/outs:
The pic is pretty self explanatory.
The clock frequency can also be modulated by applying a voltage to the "Clock Frequency Mod" inputs.
Here is a pic of the upper inputs/outs:
The lower in/out section of this module is more flexible than the upper since we have some attenuation pots.
These CLOCK PULSE outputs can be used to provide COMMAND PULSES. for the SAMPLE inputs.CLOCK PULSES are +10V. Their duration lasts as long as the sample period.
Between the two red sample buttons are 3 toggle switches.
The toggle on the left connects Clock (a) with Sample & hold (a).
The toggle on the right connects Clock (b) with Sample & Hold (b).
The middle toggle connects Clock (a) with sample & hold (b).
So Clock (a) can be used to control both S&H circuits, and Clock (b) is restricted to its namesake S&H.
It can be a bit confusing, but any voltage which you wish to sample must be applied to the Ext Sig input (Not the Sample input).
For each Dual S&H module there are two Ext Sig Inputs at the top & two at the bottom on the module.
The bottom ones are really cool as the signal has attenuation potentiometers .. The top inputs are un-attenuated.
-------------------------------------------------------
In addition to sampling external signals the 1036 can produce random signals
The control for this are these two silver knobs called the Int Random Sig. (Internal Random Signal Generators).
Advancing these knobs will introduce noise into the inputs of the sample & hold circuit.
If we sample only the random signal then you will hear a series of stepped random voltages.
The fun begins when you start to sample external voltages.
You can mix the external signal (EXT SIG) with the internal random signal (INT RANDOM SIG) before they get to the sampler.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
One last point to discuss is the Trig/Gate switch.
When a pulse enters the sample input two different results can be selected depending of whether the switch is in the Trig or Gate position.
So what's the difference between a trigger and a gate?
Trigger = short duration
Gate = longer duration
In the trig position, the +ve edge of the pulse will trigger the sampler for about 10ms
In the GATE position the output of the sample and hold remains 'Open' for the whole time that the command pulse is positive.
The choice that you have between using a trigger or a gate in the ARP 2500 is absent in the later ARP 2600. The model 2600 uses the 4015 sub-module and works only with sharply rising waveforms or triggers.
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