Saturday, 19 August 2017

CMOS - useful chips for DIY Lunetta Synths

Over the past few years of building the odd Synth module I've come across the 4000 series of CMOS (Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor) chips time and again.
I am an analog addict but I must say that the digital 4000 series is very versatile.

In this post I'm mainly referring to the CMOS family CD4XXXX. They are typically four or five digits long but always start with a "4".

There are many equivalent chips in the TTL 74XX and 74HCXXX family but these are trickier to use as their power supply range is more restricted (2V to 6V). (Eg: the 74HC4066 was a replacement for the 4066 with slightly different electrical characteristics). In comparison The CMOS 4XXXX has a much wider range (+3 to +15V). Sometimes, the 4000-series has "borrowed" from the 7400 series - such as the CD40193 and CD40161 being pin-for-pin functional replacements for 74C193 and 74C161. 


It's hard to keep track of what each chip is capable of so I've decided to start a list.
I've added links to any NLC modules I've built that use CMOS logic.
(I've also added a few other CMOS chips that don't belong in the 4000 range, but are still useful)
I hope this list will help others in the DIY community as it grows over the coming years.
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A single CMOS input /output is refered to as a Logic Gate.
CMOS works with digital logic... it outputs zeros & ones & the output waveshape is always square.
(It doesn't matter what the waveshape that you put into it).
Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any logic circuit. By using combinations of these three basic gates, the AND gate, the NOT gate and OR gate, we can construct quite complex circuits.

AND Gate
(It's the complement of the OR gate)

An example is the CD4081. This chip has four AND gates.
A HIGH output (1) results only if all the inputs are HIGH (1).
If none or not all inputs are HIGH, a LOW output results.
In another sense, the function of AND effectively finds the minimum between two binary digits, just as the complementary OR function finds the max.

NOT Gate 
Also called the inverter. Examples are CD4069/CD4049).
Its inverts the output, or more specifically, the output is 180 degress out of phase with the input.

OR Gate 
(It's the complement of the AND gate)

 (eg CD4071) A HIGH output (1) results if one or both the inputs to the gate are HIGH (1). If neither input is high, a LOW output (0) results.
In another sense, the function of OR effectively finds the maximum between two binary digits, just as the complementary AND function finds the minimum.


-------------------------

40106 - hex schmitt trigger inverters.(can also use a 74c14)
             This can make 6 square/pulse wave oscillators
             Ken stones Psycho LFO ,CGS03
             (Ken Stones CGS06 - Burst generator) 
             Hyve synth 
             Making simple oscillators & LFOs
40174 - (CD40174, 74LS174, HCF40174, HEF40174)
40175 - Hex/Quad D Flip-Flop (NLC Stoachaos)
40193 - Binary Up/Down Counter
4001 -  Quad two-input NOR gate (four NOR gates), (NLC Bools)
                                                                                   (NLC Divine Cmos), CellF Voice
                                                                                   LZX Castle 101 quad gate 
                                                                                  Doepfer A-140 ADSR
4006 -  shift register (Klee sequencer)
4007 - (CD4007, HCF4007, HEF4007, MC14007...) .- misc gates
4009 -  Hex inverter (six NOT gates),
4011 -  (CD4011, HEF4011, HCF4011, MC14011...)
            Quad two-input NAND gate (four NAND gates), (NLC Bools)
                                                                                     (NLC Divine Cmos)
                                                                                      LZX Castle 101 quad gate
                                                                                   ( Ken stones CGS01 - Suboscillator)
4013 -  Dual bistable Flip-Flop (MXR Delay pedal), (Ibanez FL-303 flanger pedal), (MXR Chorus Pedal)
            Divide & Conquer 
             Roland SH101  --They fed the main oscillator output to the CMOS 4013 to give the
             suboscillator  waveforms. square at -1 octave, square at -2 octaves, and a pulse at -2 octaves.
            Plumbutter - Ciat Lonbarde - Deerhorn?, Gong
           Ciat Lonbarde - Paper Circuit -Swoop 
           Ciat Lonbarde - Papercircuit - Esoterica 
            EDP Wasp 
4015 -  8 position shift register. (LZX Castle 110 shift register video module)
                                 (Ken Stones Gated Comparator)
                                 Plumbutter - Ciat Lonbarde - Man with the red Steam 
                                 Ciat Lonbarde -  Old Mr Grassi -Paper Circuit
                                 Lorre Mill U Tone
4016 -  (74HC4016, CD4016, HCF4016, HEF4016,TC4016... ) analog bilateral switch
4017 - decade counter (Squid axon),
                                  (1050 mix sequencer)
                                  Baby 10 sequencer.(The 4017 has 10 decoded outputs)
                                  ARSEq Sequencer/EG
                                  ( Ken stones CGS01 - Suboscillator)
                                  (Ken Stones CGS06 - Burst generator) 
                                   (Ken stones CGS07 - gate sequencer)
                                   + CD 4017 sequencer
  
4018 -  presettable divide by N Counter. The jam inputs can be used t0 preset the counter
            to a certain count and the reset input can be used to clear to count to zero.
4020 - 14-bit binary Ripple Counter
4022 - Divide-by-8 counter/divider
4024 -  shift register- Seven stage ripple carry binary counter (NLC Null A).
            NLC Divide & Conquer, , 
            ( Ken stones CGS01 - Suboscillator)
            (Ken Stones CGS08 - V8 Simulator)
            (Ken Stones CGS09 - Voltage controlled divider)
            Polyfusion octave divider
4027B -  J-K Type Flip-Flop
4028 - BCD-to-decimal Decoder NLC Stochaos  
4029 -  4 stage counter-binary/decade (NLC 4SEQ) 
                                                        (NLC 32:1) 
                                                           (Null A), 
                                                        Bindubba sequencer 
4030 - Quad two-input XOR gate (four XOR gates), (NLC Bools), (NLC Divine Cmos)
74HC4040 - 12-bit binary Ripple Counter
4034 - 8-Stage tri-state bidirectional parallel/serial input/output bus register.    (Klee sequencer)
4040 -  divider/ripple counter/Binary counter.
             There is an internal chain of divide by 2 circuits. The first output will have half
             the frequency of the clock, the next output will have half the frequency of that, etc etc
             Vidiffektor
4042 -  Quad D-Latch
4046 -  (CD4046, 74HC4046, MC14046, HCF4046...)
            PLL (Phase Locked Loop), built in VCO,  (NLC Vactrol Pill),
                                                                             RingPull
                                                                             Giant Bono 
                                                                            Wagernumb
                                                                            (Ken stones CGS07 - gate sequencer)
                                                                            EDP Wasp 
                                                                            Lorre Mill U Tone
4049 - INVERTER - also sometimes called a NOT gate or hex invertering buffer (it has 6 gates)                  Can be used in linear amplifiers.
4050 - Buffer (mostly used for interfacing to TLL logic).
4051 -  (CD4051, 74HC4051, HCF4051...)
            Eight channel multiplexer
            Fairlight CMI IIx - Switched resistor filter
            Ciat-Lonbarde - Tetrazzi 
            Ciat Lonbarde - Paper Circuit -Terazzi organus
4052 -  (HEF4052, CD4052, 74HC4052, MC14052, MC4052...)
            Dual 4 channel multiplexer, (NLC 4SEQ) 
                                                       (Null A)
                                                      Bindubba sequencer
                                                      Vectrex Video Game 
                                                     Ciat Lonbarde - Master Brando - Paper Circuit
4053 -  (HEF4053, CD4053, MC14053, 74HC4053...
74HC4060 - 14-bit binary Ripple Counter
4060 -  14-bit binary Ripple Counter. Has a built in oscillator
4066 -  (HCF4066, CD4066, 74HC4066...) quad bilateral analog switch.
            CellF Voice 
            Ciat Lonbarde - Ultrasound
4067 -  Single 16-Channel Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
             Ciat Lonbarde Gerassic Organ
4068 - 8-input NAND/AND gate.
4069 -  (CD4069, HEF4069, TC4069, HCF4069...)... WASP filter
             INVERTER - also sometimes called a NOT gate or hex invertering buffer (it has 6 gates)                     Can be used in linear amplifiers.(get the 4069UB - unbalanced)
4070 - XOR gate (four Exclusive OR gates) (NLC Bools)
                           (NLC Divine CMOS)
                           Divide & Conquer  
                           (LZX 101 quad gate) video synth 
           One of the inputs decides if the gate is inverting or non-inverting by tieing
           the input to either +V (non-inverting) or ground (inverting). I

4071 - Quad two-input OR gate (four OR gates) (NLC Bools)
                                                                       (1050 mix sequencer)
            With either or both inputs high, the output will be high.
            With both inputs low, the output will be low.
            Input A or Input B needs to be high for the output to be high...thus the "OR gate".
4077 - Quad two-input XNOR gate (four XNOR gates), (NLC Bools)
                                                                                        (NLC Divine Cmos)
                                                                                    Ciat_Lonbarde-Madame Brasser Paper Circuit 
4081 -  Quad two-input AND gate (four AND gates) - (NLC Divine Cmos, Bindubba sequencer)
                                                                                 (NLC Bools)
                                                                                (1050 mix sequencer)
                                                                                 (Ken stones CGS07 - gate sequencer)
                                       Ciat Lonbarde -Paper Circuit - Multioscillator Superposition control system
           So this chip has four AND gates & each gate has two inputs.
           With either or both inputs low, the output will be low;
            with both inputs high, the output will be high. 
            Both input A and input B needs to be high for the output to be high, 
            hence the name "AND gate"
4089 -  binary rate multiplier- it's a divider where the input pattern determines
             the number of pulses that appear on the output.
4093 -  quad schmitt trigger/ NAND gates (can make 4 square wave oscillators.)
4094 -  8 stage serial shift register (8bitcipher)
4096 -  shift register

4514 - Four Bit Latch / 4-16 Line Decoder
4520 - Dual Binary up counter (NLC Divine Cmos)

Double Gate CMOS  (DG)
 Traditional CMOS technology is approaching physicial limitations was we approach the nanoscale regime.
One such solution is the double gate transistor, proposed in the 1980s.
"Multigate transistors are one of the several strategies being developed by CMOS semiconductor manufacturers to create ever-smaller microprocessors and memory cells, colloquially referred to as extending Moore's law.

Other possible solutions include SOI devices, Strained-silicon FETs and carbon nanotube FETs
DG 202 - quad SPST CMOS analog switches (NLC Dual LPG) .., (NLC Dual LFO/VCO)
DG 212 - quad SPST CMOS analog switches (NLC Dual LPG)
DG 406 -  multiplexer (NLC 32:1) 
DG 408 - 1 to 8 multiplixer designed to connect one of eight inputs to a common 
                output as determined  by a 3-bit binary address (A0, A1, A2).
                (NLC Statues)
DG 412  - analog switch (plague of Demons)
                                               (router) 
DG 508 - 8-channel single-ended analogmultiplexer designed to connect
                one of eight inputs to acommon output as determined by a 3-bit binary address(A0, A1, A2).
                (NLC Statues)

In vintage synths the most popular of the 4000-series chips appear to be 
the analog bilateral switches (4016, 4066), the analog multiplexer/demultiplexers
4051, 4052,4053, 4067) and the 4046 phase-locked loop (PLL).  These allow the
routing of analog control signals. 
The 4046 PLL was used in such machines as the OSCar.

The CMOS synth was also made famous by Stanley Lunetta of Sacramento who passed away on March 3, 2016.
His Lunetta Synth inspired the DIY synthesizer community. He used mainly 4000 series CMOS chips.
Experimentation really is the whole point.  Learning what the different types of logic chips do, and making use of them in interesting ways.

Lots of these chips are logic gates:

Precautions
When DIYing with CMOS logic chips be careful of damage caused by static electricity. Ground yourself or use a static mat.Store them in conductive foam or foamed plactic wrapped in aluminium foil. 

You must connect any unused chip inputs to either VDD/VCC (V+) or VSS (ground). All inputs must go somewhere, either directly or with resistor.
Inputs that goes off board should have a load resistor connected (1M resistor to ground).
This brings us to what are referred to as Pull-up Resistors and Pull-down Resistors.

Inputs must not exceed VDD and never apply a input signal to an unpowered CMOS circuit.

Pullup & Pulldown resistors  

These are used a lot in CMOS circuits.
They define the default state of the input (whether or not the switch is open, closed or there is nothing connected to it). 
For example, any spare gates can be tied together or connected to a fixed voltage, using a high value resistor (10k -100K) to either the Vcc voltage, (pull-up) or via a low value resistor to 0V (GND), known as pull-down. Unused inputs should never be left floating about.


-----------------------------------------------

Analog Multiplexer/Switches

406 - (DG 406) multiplexer (NLC 32:1)
412 - (DG 412) - analog switch (plague of Demons)
                                               (router) 
---------------------------------------------

Building a Lunetta Synth.

The modules you will need to build are Oscillators, filters, drums, sequencers, frequency dividers, clock dividers,amplifiers etc

Oscillators 
40106 - 6 square wave oscillators
             Making simple oscillators & LFOs
4093 - 4 square wave osc
4060 - It's a counter/divider & Oscillator. eg: The Olegtron
4046 - PLL
4069 - Rene Schmitz's exponential CMOS VCO

Noise
Run a few audio rate oscillators into the inputs of a logic gate (AND/OR/XOR)

Pitch Pattern Makers
4018 - modulo-n counter
http://electro-music.com/forum/topic-23896.html 
4046/4017 - frequency synthesizer
4051/4017 - Slacker Melody generator

Sequencers
4017 - baby 10
4051/4017 - Slacker melody generator
4052 /4029

Dividers
4040 - my fav !
4017*
4024*
4018
4089
4060 ?
4516
4520

Filters
4069 WASP filter (CGS 749). The CD4069UB CMOS inverter, is used as opamp.
4007 - The MOSFET transistors of a 4007 are used as variable resistors.

Amplifiers (most of these are not CMOS but you might need them)
4096UB
4070 - quad XOR
LM386
741- (Weird Sound Generator)
LM324 - four op amps in one IC
TL072, TL074, TL08x, etc

Drum Modules
4096UB

Voltage Regulator
7805  -  5V regulator

Shift Registers
4006
4015
4024

Mixers 
Use Op-amps (ok not CMOS)
4069

Switches
4066 -  four logic controlled single-pole, single-throw switches in one intergated circuit. Nice !!
4067b - eg the Ciat Lonbarde Gerassic Organ.
              It's a 16 channel multiplexer.


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Useful links:
+ Msmodular
+ Introduction to Lunetta
+ NLC
+ Fun with Sea Moss
+ Strangeness & Calm
+ Wikipedia CMOS
+ List of 4000 series ICs
+ List of 7400 series ICs
+ TTL - transistor-transistor logic
+ Electromusic - circuits inspired by Stanley Lunetta
+ HackaDay - Logic Noise
+ James Schidlowsky - Handmade electronics
+ Nicolas Collins 

To be continued


Friday, 18 August 2017

Serge WAD and the Reticon SAD1024

I did some testing of a WAD (Wilson Analog Delay) last week.
It's an amazing effects unit quite unlike anything I own.

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These are videos recorded on Instagram.

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The sound is cleaner than my Buchla 288v ... though I like that for other reasons.

The WAD is so hard to find these days due to the rarity of its components.
.. those SAD1024 chips.

The SAD1024 is a dual 512 stage bucket brigade analog delay chip
It has 2 independent delay sections.  (1024 stages total.)
The Bucket Brigade consists of a series of capacitors that pass the analog signal
like a line of people carrying buckets of water to put out a fire.
The analog signal in each capacitor is forwarded to the next stage using transistors that act a switches.
The rate is determined by an external clock. When the audio shifts from one end of the delay to the other, the shifting and clocking functions delay the audio.


Bucket-Brigade delays have lots of problems. The most common of these issues is "clock noise",
which occurs due to the clocking function used to shift the audio through the BBD stages.
Cleaning up the clock noise is sometimes done by filtering or by using a zero-balance mixer and a dual-phase clock. 
It's difficult to say what portion of the WAD's magic is due to the SAD1024 but for the record 
these also use it:

- Ace-Tone EH-50 Delay
- A/DA Flanger *
- A/DA - HARMONY  Synthesizer
- Anderton Flanger
-  BEL ELECTRONICS  Delay/Flanger BA-40
- Boss Flanger BF-1
- Dynacord DC 300 e
- DOD Flanger 640.... 1979
- EHX EH-5100, EH7500 (Memory Man), EH-7811
- EHX Electric Mistress V1 (Flanger) (EH-5200-1-A). 1976
- EHX Electric Mistress V2 (EH5200-1-A) Flanger/Filter/Matrix (1976)
- EHX Electric Mistress V3 (EH5200-1-A-2) Flanger/Filter/Matrix (1978) 
- EHX Electric Mistress V4 (EH5200-1-B/C)) Flanger/Filter/Matrix (1979)
- EHX Electric Mistress V5 (EH5100-D) Flanger/Filter/Matrix (1980)
- EHX Electric Mistress V6 (EH5101) Flanger/Filter/Matrix (1981)  
- EHX Deluxe Electric Mistress V1,V2,V3. EH-1318 (1978), EH-5150-B,C & D (1979, 1981)***
          (V3 was black & Green)
- EHX Deluxe Memory Man (4 knob)....?? **
- EHX Memory Man Solid State Delay
- EHX Memory Man Echo/Chorus (non stereo)
- EHX Memory Man DeLuxe (EH-7550)
- EHX Echo Flanger (EH-7700)
- EHX Slapback Echo (EH-4700)
- EHX Stereo Slapback Echo
- EHX Small Clone (not all) EH4600 ****
- EHX Clone Theory (w/Edge switch)
- EHX polychorus

- KORG  some keyboards (The Trident's onboard analog flanger used the SAD 1040)
- IBANEZ  Flanger FL-305, FL-303
- LUPINE  Systems SAD1024 Delay
- MAXSON  MP-DL201 Flanger
- MONTGOMERY APPLIANCES  77 Flanger (ADA Flanger Clone)
- MXR flanger - M-117
- MXR Pitch-Shift Doubler
- Mutron flanger
- PAiA fhlanger
- Pearl F-604 - Flanger Analog Delay Effect (FADE).
- Roland - some guitar pedals
- ROLAND VP-330 Mk 1 Vocoder Plus. 
   (The Mk1 uses SAD1024D chips. The Mk2 uses MN3004 & MN3009)
- Roland RS-09 Mk 1 (The Mark 1 uses 4x SAD-512D chips.  The Mk2 uses MN3004)
- Roland RS-505 (4x SAD512D)
- Ross Flanger (Stereo delay R-80)
- Sovtek Electric Mistress (prototype)
- Tel-Ray Morley Chorus - Flanger CFL
- Vox 1902 Flanger (1981)
------------------------------------------------------------


*The first version of the A/DA Flanger used the Reticon SAD1024A (June 1977)                                        Bucket Brigade device, but the circuit was revised in May of ‘78 to use the Panasonic MN3010 chip.
This version remained in production until 1981. A/DA reissued the flanger in the mid-nineties. The new circuit also used the panasonic MN3010 BBD and had a built-in AC power cord. The production didn’t last long though. Today A/DA has resurrected the flanger and reviews are favourable.  ADA PBF Flanger (and ADA REISSUE FLANGER) use a pair of low voltage MN3204 BBDs.

Ive read that the very early c1977 SAD1024 A/DA flangers were powered by an 18VDC wall wart. (I have seen pics of some with 12VDC wall warts too... so who knows ???).
The later Panasonic MN3010 BBD chip version had an internal power supply (AC cord is permanently attached). Apparently the two versions sound very different.

**Possibly as early as 1976 Memory Man (3 & 4 knobs) pedals (eg: EH-7500 models) used three SAD1024 chips and  a CD4047 clock. Some of the later 1978 four knob EHX Memory Mans used Panasonic MN3005 chips.
The Memory Man line switched to the MN3005 chips perhaps around 1978, judging by the dates on the factory schematics for EH-7810 and EH-7850.**

***From what i can find on the net it seems that from 1999 on the Deluxe Electric Mistress had to be redesigned because its main integrated circuit, the Reticon SAD1024 BBD was no longer in production. These were V4 & V5. They used the RD5106 which is also now out of production.***

**** Its all very very confusing. This is the info I have compiled so far:
From 1979 to early 1981, EH used either the MN3007 delay chip or the RETICON SAD1024.
The sonic differences are subtle. The SAD1024 has been described as more “watery” sounding, adding a slight “boost” to the signal, while the MN3007 allows higher levels and less noise without signal clipping. The most sought after unit is the 1024 one, mostly because this was the version used by Nirvana’s Kurt Cobain on “Nevermind” and the “MTV Unplugged” sessions.
The vintage units have a clear and smaller (3mm) LED versus the red and larger (5mm) LED in the reissues. Also, the originals don’t have a dash mark (-) separating the words FULL and CHORUS.
The reissues have FULL-CHORUS (with the dash) written on it.

****

There are probably more pedals/synths that use the SAD chip. Please contact me if you know of any.


Ebay has a few of these chips but who knows the quality. Or you could "borrow" them from existing pedals though I think that's sad (no pun intended).

An alternative chip could be the MN3007. Its also a bucket brigade IC.
It is used by Boss in the DM-1 & CE-2. Also in the EMX Memory Man & Small Clone
the AD-999 by Maxon & the Analog Delay by MXR.

------------------------------
More on BBD chips
Back in the day there were 3 main manufacturers of BBD chips:
Reticon, Panasonic/Matsushita, and Philips.

Reticon (Sunnyvale California) produced the SAD 1024 under licence from Philips.(SAD = Sampled Analog Delay). Reticon stopped making these in the early 80's so if you are trying to repair or clone a WAD you will need to pay astronomical prices for NOS replacements.
Reticon also produced a single 512 stage IC (SAD512).

Panasonic/Matsushita (Japan) produced the MN30xx  and MN32xx series.
They stopped producing these in the nineties but clones abound.
Belling (Shangai) made copies of Matsushita’s MN3208 and MN3207 with the designation BL3208 and BL3207.
Coolaudio started producing clones of the MN3207, MN3208, and MN3205.
Xvive Audio began making replicas of Matsushita’s MN3005.
Visual Sound recommissioned production of MN3102/MN3207 in 2009.

The MN 30XX chips are earlier generation chips in comparison to the 32xx series.

The MN3001 appeared in November 1974.  The MN3001 is a dual 512 stage BBD, like the SAD1024.
The MN3002 is a single 512 stage IC featured in the 1975 Roland Jazz Chorus and the 1976 Boss CE-1.


The MN320xx are lower voltage and debately noisier than the 30xx series.

Philips were the inventors of BBD chips.
The BBD was invented in 1969 by F.L.J. Sangster and K. Teer at Philips Research Laboratories in Eindhoven, Netherlands. The most common version made by Philips was a 512-stage BBD named the
TDA 1022.
Around 1972. electronic keyboards such as the Dutch Eminent 310 String Synthesizer and Freeman String Symphonizer were the first to employ this new technology. Arguably, the secret to their sound lay with BBD technology. The most famous use of a 310 was by Jean-Michel Jarre on his albums Oxygene and Equinox.

The EC 280 Electronic Echo used eight Philips TDA 1022 BBDs.

--------------------
The number of stages effects the delay times.
The SAD1024 is a dual 512 stage bucket brigade analog delay chip  (1024 stages total.)
It has 2 independent delay sections. To get longer delays, both stages are cascaded together. The output of the first stage is fed into the input of the second stage and clocked through both stages at the same rate. 
In general, 128, 256 & 512 are used for shorter delays. 512 stages are really good for chorus and flanging effects.
1024, 2048 & 4096 are used in longer delay devices.

Doepfer make the Eurorack A-188 module which come in many flavours:

  • A-188-1X with 128 stages BBD (MN3006/MN3206), available only as long as quantities of MN3006/MN3206 last
  • A-188-1Y with 256 stages BBD (MN3009/MN3209), available only as long as quantities of MN3009/MN3209 last  geringer Bestand / low stock !
  • A-188-1A with 512 stages BBD (MN3004/MN3204), available only as long as quantities of MN3004/MN3204 last  geringer Bestand / low stock !
  • A-188-1B with 1024 stages BBD (MN3007/MN3207/BL3207), standard version, no delivery limitations 
  • A-188-1C with 2048 stages BBD (MN3008/MN3208/BL3208), standard version, no delivery limitations 
  • A-188-1D with 4096 stages BBD (MN3005/MN3205), available only as long as quantities of MN3005/MN3205 last
  They use Panasonic chips.

Another quite popular synth that uses the Panasonic MN3009 is the Roland Juno 106 & 60.
They use these for the chorus.
The 172 delay module in the Roland System 100m uses a single MN 3004 chip.
According to the net, the delay times are short...0 to 7ms.

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Links:
- EGRES
- muffs1
- Ken Stone - CGS208
-  Ralf Metzger - All about The Electric Mistress
- SS30m - Roland 172 delay , etc 
- Florian-Anwander

Barcelona - Tribute.


I'm so saddened to hear about the recent terrorist attacks.
It's been over a decade since I visited this beautiful city and the recent news brought back such fond memories.
These pics are a tribute to the people of Catalonia. I need to return soon.








travel postcards:

Thursday, 17 August 2017

NLC - RingPull - Rimples - Ringmods - build notes.

These are my build notes for the Nonlinearcircuits RingPull Eurorack module.
Actually, the final name isnt set in stone yet.
Rimples ?? Ringmods, ??? Ring Pull ??
 The PCB above is I understand an earlier version called Rimples.

The version I'm building today is a prototype - version 5 of the module.
There might be future changes.

Andrew F describes it as a ring modulator with a phase locked loop to do the modulating!
The PLL can be set to lock tightly, loosely or not at all with the incoming signal.

Some pics of the virgin PCB & faceplate.:

At the time of writing, there are no official build notes or schematics.
The CD 4046 is a CMOS phase locked loop (PLL) IC.
Its the oscillator that provides the modulation for the ring mod

The resistor is 1M.
And I'm using LL4148 signal diodes.
The mouser no for the CD4046 is 595-CD4046BNSRE4
Its a phase locked loop PLL

just the LED, sockets & pots to install



The PCB indicated using a 10K resistor for the LED resistor. I ended up using a 510R .
Adjust for your own requirements.
Links;
+ NLC Blog - things to come 2016, Rimples
+ Muffs - 2016
+ PLL - VCO basics- youtube
+ CMOS stuff
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Click here to return to the NLC Build Index:
http://djjondent.blogspot.com.au/2015/03/non-linear-circuits-ncl-index.html  

Hugo Awards - Best novels - 1990s

This is a list of the best novel award for the 1990's
The Hugos have been awarded since the 1950s.

The official Hugo Awards website is:
http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/ 

My favourites are :
+Hyperion by Dan Simmons (one of the Greatest SF novels in my humble opinion)... read the series.
+The Vor Game, Mirror Dance, Barrayar, Falling Free (1989) by Lois McMaster Bujold ..... 16 book Vorkosigan Saga series..... I think it's worth reading the entire series in chronological order.
The series hasn't finished.
+Green Mars by Kim Stanley Robinson.... read the RED,BLUE,GREEN mars trilogy !!!
+ To Say Nothing of the Dog & Doomsday Book by Connie Willis
+ Snow Crash, by Neal Stephenson (1992)


1990
Hyperion by Dan Simmons [Doubleday Foundation, 1989]

 Publisher    Doubleday
Publication date
    1989
Media type    Print (hardback & paperback)
Pages    482 (mass paperback edition)
Awards    Hugo Award for Best Novel
Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel (1990)
ISBN    0-385-24949-7 (1st ed. hardcover)









 1991
The Vor Game by Lois McMaster Bujold [Baen, 1990]

Publisher    Baen Books
Publication date
    1990
Pages    345
ISBN    978-0-671-72014-8












1992
Barrayar by Lois McMaster Bujold [Analog Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct 1991; Baen, 1991]

First published as four installments in Analog in July–October 1991.
Then published in book form by Baen Books in October 1991













1993 
A Fire Upon the Deep by Vernor Vinge [Tor, 1992] (tie) 
Doomsday Book by Connie Willis [Bantam Spectra, 1992] (tie)



 A Fire Upon the Deep
Publisher    Tor Books
Publication date
    April 1992
Media type    Print (hardcover and paperback)
Pages    391



ISBN    0-312-85182-0










Doomsday Book by Connie Willis

 Publisher    Bantam Spectra
Publication date
    1992

Media type    Print (hardback & paperback)
 Pages 445 (Hardcover)
Pages    592 pages (paperback)
Awards    Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel (1993)
ISBN    0-553-08131-4 (Hardcover)
ISBN 0-553-35167-2 (Paperback)


***



1994

Green Mars by Kim Stanley Robinson [HarperCollins UK, 1993; Bantam Spectra, 1993]

 Publisher    Spectra/Bantam Dell/Random House
Publication date
    October 1993
Media type    Print (hardback & paperback)
Pages    571 (hardcover)
Awards    Hugo Award for Best Novel (1994), Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel (1994)
ISBN    0-553-09640-0






 

1995
Mirror Dance by Lois McMaster Bujold [Baen, 1994]

 Publisher    Baen Books
Publication date
    1994
Pages    392
Awards    Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel (1995)
ISBN    978-0-671-72210-4











1996
The Diamond Age by Neal Stephenson [Bantam Spectra, 1995]
Publisher    Bantam Spectra (U.S.)
Publication date
    1995
Media type    Print (hardback & paperback) & Audio Book (Cassette, MP3 CD, Audio download. Narrator: Jennifer Wiltsie) & e-book
Pages    455 (hardcover), 512 (paperback)
Awards    Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel (1996), Hugo Award for Best Novel (1996)
ISBN    0-553-09609-5 (hardcover), ISBN 0-553-38096-6 (paperback)








1997
Blue Mars by Kim Stanley Robinson [HarperCollins Voyager, 1996; Bantam Spectra, 1996]

Publication date
    April 1996
Media type    Print (hardback & paperback)
Pages    616 (hardcover)
Awards    Hugo Award for Best Novel (1997), Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel (1997)
ISBN    0-553-10144-7











1998
Forever Peace by Joe Haldeman [Ace, 1997]

Publisher    Ace Books
Publication date
    1997
Media type    Print (hardback & paperback)
Pages    326
ISBN    0-441-00406-7
OCLC    36133306
Dewey Decimal
    813/.54 21
LC Class    PS3558.A353 F6 1997








1999

To Say Nothing of the Dog by Connie Willis [Bantam Spectra, 1998]

Originally published: 1997
Author: Connie Willis
Page count: 434
Publisher: Bantam Spectra
Genres: Comedy, Science Fiction, Fantasy Fiction
Awards: Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel, Hugo Award for Best Novel









1999 - Best Novella
Oceanic by Greg Egan

"Oceanic" was first published in the August 1998 edition of Asimov's Science Fiction by Dell Magazines.
It also won the Locus award for best Novella.
 
It also won two foreign short story awards: the 2000 Hayakawa's SF Magazine Reader's Award and the 2001 Seiun Award


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Sci Fi Links
+ Hugo Awards Best Sci Fi novels of the 1950's
+ Hugo Awards Best sci fi novels of the 1960's
+ Hugo Awards Best Sci Fi novels of the 1970's
+ Hugo Awards Best Sci Fi Novels of the 1980's
+ Hugo Awards Best Sci Fi novels of the 1990's
+ Hugo awards Best sci fi novel of the 2000's (2000 - 2009)
+ Hugo Awards Best Sci Fi novels for the decade 2010-2019
+ Foundation - Isaac Asimov's
+ Dune - The Chronological order of the novels
+ Dune Universe Timeline
+ I, Robot - Isaac Asimov - novels & Magazines
+ Star Wars 
+ vorkoisgan saga reading order - Lois McMaster Bujold
  

 

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sci Fi Index

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