Mexico in 2025 was ranked the 10th biggest coffee producer in the world supplying 2.2% of the globe.
It's coffee-growing regions are spread over 16 states, but is concentrated in the southern central states of Chiapas, Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Puebla, which benefit from high altitudes (35% of Mexico’s coffee is grown at 900 m.a.s.l.), volcanic soil, and favorable climates.
The main variety is shade grown arabica. 90% is washed processed.
Mexico is also one of the world’s largest exporters of organic-certified coffee.
Chiapas is the largest producer, known for chocolate and nutty notes, while Veracruz has a long history of coffee and produces mellow, often sweet, coffees.
Oaxaca is noted for its traditional growing methods and a more complex profile with caramel and fruity notes.
Key regions and their characteristics
Chiapas: The southernmost state (on the Guatemalan border) and Mexico's largest coffee producer.
It offers a range of microclimates due to its varying altitudes (1,300 and 1,700 m.a.s.l.). Often described as having flavors of chocolate, nuts, and citrus.
Veracruz: One of the oldest and largest coffee-growing regions.
The coffee is grown at altitudes between 1100-1600 meters above sea level, often on volcanic soil.
Known for mellow acidity, a full body, and notes of chocolate, caramel, and blueberry.
Oaxaca: Located between Chiapas and Veracruz.
Many farms continue traditional growing methods, with coffee grown at altitudes from 900-1650 meters.
Flavor profiles are often sweet with caramel notes, yellow fruits, and hints of floral and creamy body.
Puebla: Another major growing region, located in the central-south.
Benefits from high-altitude, rich soil, and a favorable climate.
General characteristics of Mexican coffee
Dominant species: Over \(97\%\) of Mexican coffee is Arabica.
Processing: The majority of exported coffee is washed, which contributes to bright and crisp flavors.
Growing methods: Many smallholder farmers belong to co-operatives. Sustainable techniques like shade-grown coffee and intercropping are used to improve soil health.
Altitude designation: Coffee labeled "Altura" indicates it was grown at high altitudes, resulting in slower maturation and more complex flavors.
Flavor profile: Generally, Mexican specialty coffee is considered smooth and balanced, with a range of flavors from nutty and chocolatey to bright and fruity, depending on the region.
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