In this case the root note is C.
When you press any C note, all the other C notes light up.
The Deluge by default ships with its keyboard set to a C major scale
The video below shows how to change the root note.
In this case its from C to G
1. press the Scale button.
(you will see only the C notes lit up)
2. Hold down the Scale button & Press the note you wish the root to be (G in this case).
So now we have a keyboard set up with a G major scale.
To change the scale type press shift + scale
Thus you can cycle through some common types:
As of writing the available scales are:
Major
Minor
Dorian
Phrygian
Lydian
Mixolydian
Locrian
Melodic Minor
Harmonic Minor
Hungarian Minor
Marva ( Indian Raga scale)
Arabian
Whole tone
Blues
Pentatonic Minor
Hirajoshi (Japan)
Music Intervals
An interval in music is the measured distance in pitch between two notes. It defines the space between sounds, either played sequentially (melodic interval) or simultaneously (harmonic interval). Intervals are the building blocks of melodies, scales, and chords, classified by number (e.g., third, fifth) and quality (e.g., major, minor, perfect).
Key Aspects of Musical Intervals:
Melodic vs. Harmonic: Melodic intervals occur when notes are played one after another, while harmonic intervals occur when two notes sound at the same time.
Measurement: They are measured by counting the steps between notes, including the starting and ending notes (e.g., C to E is a third: C-D-E).
Quality: Intervals are further defined by their quality—perfect, major, minor, augmented, or diminished—which describes the exact number of semitones between the notes
Some Basic Interval Patterns to play around with using left/right hands:
Unison (Two notes of the same pitch)
Octave (The distance between a note and the next note with the same name)
Major Seventh. (11 semitones. Eg: C to B, F to E, D to C#)
Minor Seventh. (10 semitones. Eg., C–B#)
Minor sixth (8 semitones eg; C to A flat, A to F)
Major Sixth (9 semitones. Eg C to A)
Perfect fifth (7 semitones. Eg C to G).
Tritone (3 whole tones or 6 semi tones. F to B or C to F#).... the devil in music.
Perfect Fourth (5 semitones. Eg C - F, G–C, D–G, A–D, E–A).
Major Third (4 semitones eg C-E)
Minor Third (3 semitones. A to C, E to G, C to Eflat)
Minor Second (one semitone) E-F, F-F#)
Major second (2 semitones eg C-D)
We can now combine the basic intervals to form triads
Triads
Triads are three-note chords formed by stacking musical intervals.
The foundation of a triad consists of a root note, a third above the root, and a fifth above the root. The specific type or quality of the triad (major, minor, diminished, or augmented) is determined by the specific sizes of these intervals.
Here is how different intervals form the four main types of triads:
1. The Core Structure: Stacked Thirds
Triads are built using thirds. They are made up of:
+ Root: The foundation pitch.
+ Third: Located a third above the root.
+ Fifth: Located a third above the third (which is a fifth above the root).
There are 4 types of triads:
Major, minor, augmented, diminished (& sus chords)
Major chord
comprises : Major, 3rd, 5th
The minor chord
The primary difference between major and minor chords is the third note of the chord, which is lowered by a half-step in minor chords to create a darker, sadder, or more intense sound compared to the bright, happy sound of major chords. Major chords consist of the 1st, 3rd, and 5th notes of a scale, while minor chords use the 1st, flat 3rd, and 5th.
Augmented chord
An augmented chord is a three-note triad (1-3-#5)
formed by stacking two major thirds, resulting in a major chord with a raised fifth,
such as C-E-G#
Diminished Chord
A diminished chord consists of two stacked minor thirds (root,M3 A5)
creating a dark, "scary" sound that resolves to a minor chord.
(minor 3rd with diminished 5th)
In comparison, An augmented chord has two stacked major thirds ,
creating a bright, "dreamy" or suspended sound that resolves to a major chord
A suspended (sus) chord is generally considered a three-note chord (triad), but it is not a traditional major or minor triad because it lacks a 3rd. Instead, the 3rd is replaced by a major 2nd (sus2) or a perfect 4th (sus4), creating a, 2, 5 or 1, 4, 5 structure.
Types:
Sus2: Root - 2nd - 5th (e.g., C-D-G)
Sus4: Root - 4th - 5th (e.g., C-F-G)
Structure: They consist of a (Root), (2nd or 4th), and a (5th).
The third is replaced by a dissonant tone to add tension and dissonance.
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Note:
This post covers the deluge with firmware V3.0 (2020)