Basic components of a manual watch movement

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A manual watch movement relies on hand-wound mechanical components to store, transfer, regulate, and display time without any batteries or electronics. [1, 2, 3]

Foundation and Structure

Mainplate: The flat base metal plate that holds all the other parts together.
Bridges and Cocks: Metal covers screwed onto the mainplate to secure the gears and wheels in place. [1, 2]

Power Source

Crown and Stem: The external knob and pin you turn by hand to wind the watch or set the time.
Keyless Works: The system of gears inside that connects the crown to the mainspring for winding and setting.
Mainspring: A tight coil of metal ribbon that stores potential energy as you wind it.
Mainspring Barrel: A small toothed box that safely holds the mainspring.
Ratchet and Click: A gear and small spring on top of the barrel that lets you wind the mainspring in one direction without it unwinding backward. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]




Oscillating weight - if its an automatic watch . An oscillating weight, also known as a rotor, is a semi-circular metal weight in an automatic mechanical watch that swings freely to wind the mainspring using the natural movement of your wrist

Energy Transmission

Gear Train (or Wheel Train): A series of cogs that transfers the power from the mainspring barrel toward the escapement. [1]

Regulation and Timekeeping

Escapement: A mechanism—usually a pallet fork and escape wheel—that stops and releases power in tiny, exact pulses.
Balance Wheel: A weighted wheel with a tiny hairspring that swings back and forth at a steady rate to keep accurate time. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Display

Dial Train / Motion Works: A set of gears under the watch face that turns the mechanical energy into movement for the hour and minute hands. [1, 2, 3]

Supplemental Components

Jewels: Tiny synthetic rubies used as bearings to reduce friction on moving pivot points. [1, 2]

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